Tag: spartan

A particular joy of the Gemini and Spartan protocols – and the Markdown-like syntax of Gemtext – is their simplicity.

Even without a browser, you can usually use everyday command-line tools that you might have installed already to access relatively human-readable content.

Here are a few different command-line options that should show you a copy of this blog post (made available via CapsulePress, of course):

Gemini

Gemini communicates over a TLS-encrypted channel (like HTTPS), so we need a to use a tool that speaks the language. Luckily: unless you’re on Windows you’ve probably got one installed already¹.

Using OpenSSL

This command takes the full gemini:// URL you’re looking for and the domain name it’s at. 1965 refers to the port number on which Gemini typically runs –

printf "gemini://danq.me/posts/gemini-without-a-browser\r\n" | \
  openssl s_client -ign_eof -connect danq.me:1965

Using GnuTLS

GnuTLS closes the connection when STDIN closes, so we use cat to keep it open. Note inclusion of --no-ca-verification to allow self-signed certificates (optionally add --tofu for trust-on-first-use support, per the spec).

{ printf "gemini://danq.me/posts/gemini-without-a-browser\r\n"; cat -; } | \
  gnutls-cli --no-ca-verification danq.me:1965

Using Ncat

Netcat reimplementation Ncat makes Gemini requests easy:

printf "gemini://danq.me/posts/gemini-without-a-browser\r\n" | \
  ncat --ssl danq.me 1965

Spartan

Spartan is a little like “Gemini without TLS“, but it sports an even-more-lightweight request format which makes it especially easy to fudge requests².

Using Telnet

Note the use of cat to keep the connection open long enough to get a response, as we did for Gemini over GnuTLS.

{ printf "danq.me /posts/gemini-without-a-browser 0\r\n"; cat -; } | \
  telnet danq.me 300

Using cURL

cURL supports the telnet protocol too, which means that it can be easily coerced into talking Spartan:

printf "danq.me /posts/gemini-without-a-browser 0\r\n" | \
  curl telnet://danq.me:300

Using Ncat/Netcat

Because TLS support isn’t needed, this also works perfectly well with Netcat – just substitute nc/netcat or whatever your platform calls it in place of ncat:

printf "danq.me /posts/gemini-without-a-browser 0\r\n" | \
  ncat danq.me 300

I hope these examples are useful to somebody debugging their capsule, someday.

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